I agree that from what I've read there are 2 groups in the same that you mention. I've read lots of anecdotal accounts mentioning clouds affecting their usage. However, most of the reliable sources I've read indicate that clouds have little affect. Below is another reference from a company named Trimble that specializes in location based technologies. Again, I'm not an expert in this area. Just passing along what I've read.
http://www.trimble.com/gps_tutorial/howgps-error.aspx
http://www.trimble.com/gps_tutorial/howgps-error2.aspx
Typical Error in Meters
(per satellites) | Standard GPS | Differential GPS | Satellite Clocks | 1.5 | 0 | Orbit Errors | 2.5 | 0 | Ionosphere | 5.0 | 0.4 | Troposphere | 0.5 | 0.2 | Receiver Noise | 0.3 | 0.3 | Multipath | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Ionosphere
The ionosphere is the layer of the atmosphere ranging in altitude from 50 to 500 km. It consists largely of ionized particles which can exert a perturbing effect on GPS signals. While much of the error induced by the ionosphere can be removed through mathematical modeling, it is still one of the most significant error sources. Troposphere
The troposphere is the lower part of the earth's atmosphere that encompasses our weather. It's full of water vapor and varies in temperature and pressure. But as messy as it is, it causes relatively little error. There are a couple of ways to minimize this kind of error. For one thing we can predict what a typical delay might be on a typical day. This is called modeling and it helps but, of course, atmospheric conditions are rarely exactly typical.
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